Rare red blood cell abnormalities

Resources: 

Giger U, Smith BF, Rajpurohit WP. 1992. Inherited erhythrocyte disorders. ACVIM- Proceedings of the 10th Annual Veterinary Medical Forum:142-145.
Harvey JW. 1995. Congenital hemolytic anemias and methemoglobinemias. ACVIM-Proceedings of the 13th Annual Veterinary Medical Forum:37-40.
There is information on some of these disorders in: Sargan DR. IDID - Inherited diseases in dogs:web-based information for canine inherited disease genetics.

 Pyruvate kinase deficiency and phosphofructokinase deficiency are two clinically important red blood cell disorders that are discussed elsewhere in this database.

The disorders listed below are associated with abnormalities of the red blood cells. Most of these abnormalities will have no impact on your dog's health but may show up during blood tests. They are listed here mainly for the information of veterinarians. These disorders are all very rare.

Abnormality Breeds affected (RARE) Special tests Clinical features
glucose-6-phophate dehydrogenase deficiency Weimaraner G6PD activity reduced none
high potassium erythrocytes Akita increased rbc and serum potassium none, pseudohyperkalemia
familial microcytosis Akita microcytosis none
familial macrocytosis and dyshematopoiesis miniature and toy poodle macrocytosis none (gingivitis)
familial nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia beagle reticulocytosis none to mild anemia
congenital methemoglobinemia several breeds determination of methemoglobin usually none other than cyanotic-appearing tongue/mucous membranes
selective cobalamin malabsorption giant Schnauzer low serum cobalamin (B12) moderate anemia, cachexia, dementia, respond to administration of B12
familial nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia poodle none, PCV 10-25% hemolytic anemia, osteosclerosis
stomatocytosis Alaskan malamute, miniature Schnauzer increased fragility of stomatocytes chondrodysplasia in malamutes

For many breeds and many disorders, the studies to determine the mode of inheritance or the frequency in the breed have not been carried out, or are inconclusive. The above disorders are seen very rarely in veterinary medicine and, where studies have been carried out, this is usually because of a similarity to a condition in people.

 


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